In modern times, the topic of neurodiversity is being talked about—and rightly so. But what does it actually mean to be neurodivergent? Is it a fad or a significant change in the way we look at the human brain? This article delves into the meaning of neurodivergence, from its history, categories, and how it influences individual experiences.

What Is Neurotypical?

Before we dive into neurodivergence, it’s important to define its counterpart: neurotypical. A neurotypical person is someone whose brain functions and cognitive processes align with what is considered “standard” or typical in a given society. This includes learning, attention, behavior, and social interaction.

What Does Neurodivergent Mean?

Neurodivergent refers to individuals whose neurological development and functioning differ from the typical norms. This includes conditions like:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

  • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

  • Dyslexia

  • Dyspraxia

  • Tourette Syndrome

  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

  • And others

It’s a term that shifts focus away from “disorders” and instead emphasizes difference, not deficit.

The History Of the Word “Neurodivergent”

The term “neurodivergent” was first coined in the late 1990s by Kassiane Asasumasu, an autistic advocate and activist. The broader concept of neurodiversity—the idea that different neurological conditions are natural variations of the human brain—emerged from the autism rights movement.

This movement challenged the idea that autistic individuals needed to be “cured” and instead celebrated the value of diverse ways of thinking.

Types of Neurodivergence

Neurodivergence encompasses a wide range of conditions, each with its own unique characteristics. Some of the most common types include:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Often associated with differences in social communication and sensory processing.

  • ADHD: Affects focus, organization, and impulse control.

  • Dyslexia: Involves challenges with reading and language processing.

  • Dyspraxia: Impacts motor coordination and planning.

  • Tourette Syndrome: Characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements or sounds (tics).

  • OCD: Involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

Each condition exists on a spectrum, meaning individuals may experience varying degrees of traits.

How to Know If You’re Neurodivergent

Recognizing neurodivergence isn’t always easy. It often involves self-reflection, professional assessments, and sometimes years of misunderstanding. If you:

  • Struggle with traditional education or work environments

  • Experience sensory sensitivity

  • Think or learn in ways that differ from others

  • Feel “different” socially or emotionally

you may benefit from exploring neurodivergent traits with a licensed psychologist or neurologist. Self-assessment tools and online communities can also provide initial guidance.

Can You Become Neurodivergent?

Neurodivergence is typically considered innate—meaning it’s part of a person’s natural neurological makeup from early development. However, some brain injuries or conditions like PTSD can cause cognitive changes that overlap with neurodivergent traits. So while most neurodivergence is lifelong, neurological differences can emerge or evolve under certain circumstances.

How Common Is Being Neurodivergent?

It’s more common than most people think. Estimates suggest that:

  • 1 in 36 children in the U.S. is diagnosed with autism

  • Around 4-5% of adults have ADHD

  • Up to 15% of the global population may be neurodivergent in some way

These numbers highlight the importance of designing inclusive systems—education, workplaces, healthcare—that accommodate all minds.

What Is It Like to Be Neurodivergent?

Being neurodivergent can come with challenges, especially in environments not designed with diversity in mind. But it also offers unique strengths:

  • Creative problem-solving

  • Deep focus or intense interest (hyperfocus)

  • Innovative thinking

  • Empathy and heightened emotional insight

Many neurodivergent individuals find power in self-understanding, community connection, and accommodations that support their needs.

Learn More About Neurodivergence

There’s a growing library of resources on neurodivergence, including:

  • Books: NeuroTribes by Steve Silberman, Unmasking Autism by Devon Price

  • Podcasts: The Neurodiversity Podcast, ADHD ReWired

  • Communities: Reddit’s r/neurodiversity, Facebook groups, Discord servers

Education and advocacy are key to removing stigma and building a more inclusive world.

The Future of Neurodivergence

As awareness grows, the future looks hopeful. Schools are adapting. Workplaces are becoming more inclusive. Society is learning to value different minds—not just tolerate them.

With continued advocacy, we can create a world where neurodivergent people are empowered, supported, and celebrated for exactly who they are.